The Letter of Peter to Philip: A Public Domain Synoptic Translation

Public-domain synoptic translation of NHC VIII,2 // Codex Tchacos 1. (ref)

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The Letter of Peter to Philip:
                     A Public Domain Synoptic Translation
                                         by Mark M. Mattison

    The following translation has been committed to the public domain and may be freely copied
and used, changed or unchanged, for any purpose. It is based on the Coptic text of Codex Tchacos
1 and Nag Hammadi Codex VIII, 2. The Codex Tchacos was produced in the fourth century CE,
subsequently buried, and then rediscovered in the 1970s. The Nag Hammadi texts were produced in
the fourth century, subsequently buried, and then rediscovered in 1945. Though framed as a letter,
this tractate primarily presents a dialogue between Jesus and his apostles.
    This synoptic translation is based on the following sources:

   Brankaer, Johanna and Hans-G. Bethge, Codex Tchacos. Texte und Analysen. Texte und
   Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristliche Literatur 161 (Walter de Gruyter), 2007

   Jenott, Lance, “Peter’s Letter to Philip: Textual Fluidity in a New Testament Apocryphon,”
   pages 37-66 in Hugo Lundhaug and Christian H. Bull, eds., The Nag Hammadi Codices as Monastic
   Books (Mohr Siebeck), 2023

   Kasser, Rodolphe, and Wurst, Gregor, The Gospel of Judas, Critical Edition: Together with the Letter of
   Peter to Philip, James, and a Book of Allogenes from Codex Tchacos (National Geographic), 2007

   Meyer, Marvin, ed., The Nag Hammadi Scriptures (HarperOne), 2007

   Nagel, Peter, Codex apocryphus gnosticus Novi Testamenti (Mohr Siebeck), 2023

   Nag Hammadi Archive – Claremont Colleges Digital Library, https://ccdl.claremont.edu/digital/
   collection/nha

   Robinson, James M., ed., The Coptic Gnostic Library: A Complete Edition of the Nag Hammadi Codices,
   Volume 4 (Brill), 2000

   Robinson, James M., ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English, 4th rev. ed. (Brill), 1996

    Particular thanks are also due to Lance Jenott, who generously provided me with his own
unpublished draft of a synoptic transcript and translation, and who also graciously provided
feedback on this synoptic translation, as well as Samuel Zinner, who also provided helpful feedback.
This project could not have been completed without the prior work of all of these outstanding
scholars.
    This document was first published on-line on September 9, 2024. Please forward notices of
errors or suggested corrections to:

Symbols

[]     Gap in the text
()     Editorial insertion to clarify the text
<>     Editorial correction of a scribal error
 1     Page number of the Coptic codex

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                            The Letter of Peter to Philip
       Codex Tchacos Version (CT), 1                   Nag Hammadi Version (NHC) VIII, 2
                              Introduction: Peter Writes to Philip

                                                   132 The letter of Peter which he sent to Philip:
    1 [Peter, the] apostle of Jesus [Christ],         Peter, the apostle of Jesus Christ, to Philip,
writing to Philip, [my beloved] and my fellow      our beloved brother and fellow apostle, and the
apostle, [and] to the brothers (and sisters):      brothers (and sisters) with you: Greetings!
Greetings!
    [Now I want] you to understand, my                 Now I want you to know, our brother, [that]
[brother, that we] received instructions [from]    we received instructions from our Lord and the
our Lord and [the Savior] of the whole world       Savior of the whole world that we come together
[that we come together] in order to [teach and]    in order to teach and preach in the salvation
preach [the] salvation through the Lord [Jesus]    that’s been established for us 133 through our
Christ.                                            Lord Jesus Christ.
    But you were separated [from us] and [you          But you were separated from us, and you
didn’t …] we have […] to preach.                   didn’t want us to come together and think about
                                                   how we should organize ourselves so that we
                                                   might preach the gospel.
   If, [then], it seems good to you, brother,          If, then, it pleases you, our brother, come
proceed according to the instructions of Jesus,    according to the instructions of our God, Jesus.
our God.
   […] Philip received them and read them,             When Philip received and read these things,
and he joyfully went to Peter.                     he joyfully went to Peter, rejoicing with him.

                      Peter Gathers the Apostles on the Mount of Olives
    Then Peter gathered the others. [Then] they         Then Peter gathered the others. They went up
went up to the Mount of Olives, the place          to the mountain called “That of the Olives,” the
where they gathered with the blessed Christ 2      place where they used to gather with the blessed
in the days when he was in the body.               Christ when he was in the body.
    Then the apostles came together and knelt           Then when the apostles came together they
down [and prayed] like this:                       fell on their knees and prayed like this:

   “[Father], Father, Father of the [light], who      “Father, Father, Father of the light, who has
   possesses the undefiled ones, hear [us! …]         the incorruptible ones, hear us, just as you
   your […] in [your holy son, Jesus Christ,          delighted in your holy child, Jesus Christ,
   because he] became a light in the darkness         because he became a light for us 134 in the
   for us. Indeed, hear us!”                          darkness. Indeed, hear us!

And [they] returned […]                            And they returned another time and prayed:

   “[…] immortality [...]                             “Son of life, the Son of immortality who
                                                      dwells in the light, the Son, the Christ of
   “[…] hear us and give [us strength], because       immortality, our Savior, give us strength,
   they’re looking to kill us!”                       because they’re looking to kill us!”

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       Codex Tchacos Version (CT), 1                    Nag Hammadi Version (NHC) VIII, 2
                                   Jesus Appears to the Apostles
   Then it appeared – a light so great that the       Then it appeared – a light so great that the
mountain shone from the revelation of what          mountain shone from the sight of what appeared.
appeared. A voice called out to them and said:      And a voice called out to them and said:

   “Listen [to my] words, so that I may speak          “Listen to my words so that I may speak to
   to you because you’ve sought me. I’m Jesus          you. Why do you look for me? I’m Jesus
   Christ, who’s with you forever.”                    Christ, who’s with you forever.”

    3 Then the apostles said in response, “Lord,       Then the apostles said in response, “Lord, we
[the] deficiency of the ages and their fullnesses   want to know about the deficiency of the ages
– How do they detain us [in this] very [dwelling    and their fullness, and how they detain us in this
place]?                                             dwelling place.

   [And, how] did we get here?                         And, how did we get here?
   And, how [will we] leave?                           And, how will we leave?
   And, how do we have the authority to speak          And, 135 how do we have the authority to
      boldly?                                             speak boldly?
   [Why do the] powers (that be) fight against         [And], why do the powers (that be) fight
      us?”                                                against us?”

    [Then] an announcement came from the                Then a voice came to them from the light and
light and said, “You yourselves bear witness to     said, “It’s you yourselves who bear witness that
me that I [explained] these things [to you], but    I’ve told all these things to you, but because of
because of your faithlessness, I’ll answer again.   your faithlessness, I’ll speak again.

                              The Deficiency and the Arrogant One
    “Now, then, [concerning] the deficiency of          “Now, then, concerning [the deficiency] of
the ages, this is the deficiency which is           the ages, this [is] the deficiency which is the
disobedience: The thoughtless mother appeared       disobedience and thoughtlessness of the mother,
without the command of the Great One. He            when she appeared without the command of the
wanted to set up ages from the beginning, and       Father’s greatness. She wanted to set up ages, and
when she [spoke], the Arrogant One appeared.        when she spoke, the Arrogant One appeared.
Now a limb was left behind her. The Arrogant        When she left behind a share, the Arrogant One
One seized it, and a deficiency came into being.    seized it, and it became a deficiency. This is the
Now this is 4 the deficiency of the ages.           deficiency of the ages.
    “For the Arrogant One took the limb                 “Now when the Arrogant One took a share,
and sowed it, and he set up (the) [powers]          he sowed it and set up (the) powers (that be) and
(that be) and authorities [and confined it] in      authorities over it, and he confined it in dead
the [dead] ages, [and] all [the powers] of the      ages, and all the powers (that be) rejoiced because
world rejoiced because they had come into           they had come into being. 136 But they don’t
being. But they don’t know the [Father]             know the Father [who’s] from the beginning,
who’s from the beginning [since] they’re            since they’re strangers to him. [Rather, it’s this]
strangers to him. Rather, it’s this (Arrogant)      (Arrogant) One who was given power, and they
One who gave power to them, and they                served and praised him.
served and praised him.

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       Codex Tchacos Version (CT), 1                     Nag Hammadi Version (NHC) VIII, 2
    “And the Arrogant One’s heart [lifted up at]         “Now this Arrogant One’s heart lifted up at
the praise [of the powers] (that be) and he          the praise of the powers (that be) and he became
[became] a rival. And they wanted an image in        a rival. And he wanted to make an image in the
the place of an image and a form in the place of     place of an image and a form in the place of a
a form. In his authority, he commanded the           form. Now, in his authority, he commanded the
powers (that be) to fashion mortal bodies, and       powers (that be) to fashion mortal bodies, and
lawlessness came from the likeness that had          they came to be in a different way than the form
come to be.                                          that had come to be.

                                           The Incarnation
     “Now concerning the completion: It is I.             “Now concerning the fullness: It is I. [And] I
[And] I was sent into a body [because of this]       was sent down into the body because of this seed
seed that was lost, because it had come [to a]       that was lost. And I came down into their mortal
mortal mold. But they didn’t recognize me.           mold, but they didn’t recognize me. They thought
They thought that I was a mortal. I spoke with       that I was a mortal person. And I spoke with the
the one 5 who belongs to me, and the one who         one who belongs to me, and the one who belongs
belongs to me, which is you, listened to me [...]    to me listened to me, just as you yourselves are
It is (you) who have [understood]. (You) have        listening to me today. And I gave that one
listened [today], and I gave (you) authority to      authority to enter the inheritance of their
enter the inheritance of (your) father. [And] I      paternity. And I took 137 [the one who belongs
took the one who belongs to me, and the ages         to me, and the ages] were fulfilled by their
were completed by their [salvation …]. For           salvation. [So] since there’s a deficiency, there
because there’s a [deficiency], there’s also a       came a completion.
completion.

                                   Fighting the Powers that Be
    “But concerning your detainment, it’s                “But concerning your detainment, it’s because
because you belong to me. When you strip             you belong to me. When you strip yourselves of
yourselves of the flesh, then [you’ll] become        what’s corrupt, then you’ll become lights among
lights for mortal people.                            mortal people.
    “Then you’ll fight the powers (that be),             “That’s why it’s you who will fight the powers
because they don’t have rest like you, since they    (that be), because they don’t have rest like you
don’t want you to be saved.”                         do, since they don’t want you to be saved.”
    Then the apostles worshipped again and               Then the apostles worshipped again and said,
said, “Son, teach us how we can fight against        “Lord, teach us how we can fight against the
the rulers, since they (are) the rulers of (what’s   rulers, since [the] rulers are above us.”
here) below.”
    Then the voice called out from what had              Then a voice called out to them from what
appeared 6 and said, “You, fight like this –         had appeared and said, “This is how you’ll fight
because the rulers fight against the inner person    them – because they fight against the inner
– but you fight like this:                           person – fight against them like this:
    “[Come] together and teach salvation in the          “Come together and teach salvation in the
world, and brace yourselves with the power of        world with a promise, and brace yourselves with
my Father and make your prayer known. And            the power of my Father and make your prayer
he, my Father], has helped and sent [me. Don’t]      known. And he, the Father, will help you, just as

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       Codex Tchacos Version (CT), 1                  Nag Hammadi Version (NHC) VIII, 2
fear; I’m with you, just as I told you before     he helped you when he sent me. 138 Don’t be
when I was in the body.”                          faint[hearted; I’m with you forever], just as I told
                                                  you before when I was in the body.”
   Then [a sound] with thunder came from              Then lightning and thunder came from
heaven, and he who had appeared to them [was      heaven, and he who had appeared to them was
caught up] from there.                            caught up away from that place to heaven.

                                        Suffering and Death
    Then the apostles gave thanks to the Lord         Then the apostles gave thanks to the Lord
with every blessing and returned to Jerusalem.    with every blessing and returned to Jerusalem.
    As they were going along with each other          As they were going up on the road, they were
on the road, they talked with each other about    talking with each other about the light that came,
the light that had come, and [a comment] was      and a comment was made about the Lord, that
made about the Lord, that “If he, our Lord,       “If he, our Lord, suffered, then how much more
died, then how much more (likely is it that) we   (will) we (suffer)?”
ourselves (will die)?”
    7 But Peter said in response, “He died for        Peter said in response, “He suffered for us,
us. It’s right that we ourselves die because of   and it’s necessary that we ourselves suffer
humanity.”                                        because of our smallness.”
    Then [a voice] came to them [and] said,           Then a voice came to them and said, “I’ve
“I’ve told you [many] times that it’s right for   told you many times that it’s necessary for for
you [to] die and be brought into synagogues       you to suffer. It’s necessary that you’ll be brought
and before governors. It’s right for you […]      to synagogues and governors so that you suffer.
disciples […] pray [to] the Father [… so] that    But whoever won’t suffer nor […] 139 Father
[he may] protect [you].”                          […] so that he may [protect you].”
    So the apostles rejoiced [greatly and went        So the apostles rejoiced [greatly] and went up
up] to Jerusalem, [and they went up to] the       to Jerusalem, and they went up to the temple,
temple, [teaching salvation] in the name of       teaching safely in the name of [the] Lord Jesus
Jesus [Christ].                                   Christ. And they healed [a] multitude.
                                                      Then Peter opened his mouth and said to his
                                                  disciples, “[Truly] our Lord Jesus, when he was in
“<…> [he] taught us everything when he was        the body, taught us everything. Because he came
in the body. Because he came down – listen to     down – my brothers (and sisters), listen to my
my voice, my brothers (and sisters) –” and he     voice –” [and] he was filled with the Holy Spirit
was filled with the Holy Spirit and said:         and said:

   “Jesus, our light, came,                          “Our light, Jesus, [came] down,
   and was crucified,                                and was hanged,
   and he bore a crown of thorns,                    and he bore a crown of thorns,
   and he was clothed in a purple robe,              and he was clothed in a purple robe,
   and he was hanged on wood,                        and he was hanged on wood,
   and he was buried in a tomb,                      and he was buried in a tomb,
   and 8 he rose from the dead.                      and he rose from the dead.

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       Codex Tchacos Version (CT), 1                     Nag Hammadi Version (NHC) VIII, 2
    “My brothers (and sisters), Jesus is a                “My brothers (and sisters), Jesus is a stranger
stranger to this death, but it’s we who’ve died in   to this suffering, but it’s we who’ve suffered by
the transgression, the transgression of our          the transgression of the Mother, and because of
Mother. [And] because of this, he did                this he did everything in a similar way among us,
everything in a similar (way) among us, because      because the Lord Jesus, the Son of the
[the Lord] Jesus is the Son of the immeasurable      immeasurable Father’s glory, is the author of our
Father’s glory; [he is] the author of [our life].    life. So, my brothers (and sisters), let’s not listen
So, my brothers (and sisters), let’s not listen      to the lawless ones and (not) proceed in 140 [the
[…] and (not) proceed [in the] teaching of           teaching of destruction].”
[destruction].”

                                             Conclusion
    [Then] Peter [raised] his hands [up] to              [Then] Peter raised [his hands up to] heaven
heaven [and said, “Our Lord] Jesus Christ,           and said, “[Our Lord Jesus] Christ, author of our
author [of our] rest, give us [a spirit] of          rest, give us a spirit of understanding so that we
understanding so that we may do miracles!”           may do miracles too!”
    Then Peter and the apostles spoke to Jesus,          Then Peter and the other apostles looked
and they were filled with the Holy Spirit, and       […], and they were filled [with] the Holy Spirit,
each of them did healings. And they parted           and each of them did healings. And they parted
ways from each other to preach the blessed           ways to preach the Lord Jesus, and they gathered
Jesus, and they gathered together, embraced          together, embraced each other, and said,
each other, and said, 9 “Amen.”                      “Amen.”
    Then Jesus appeared and said, “Peace to              Then Jesus appeared and said to them, “Peace
you, and glory to those [who believe] in my          to [all] of you, and to all who believe in my name.
name. Now go on. Joy will be with you, and           But when you go, joy and grace and power will be
grace with power. Don’t fear; [I]’m with you         with you. Don’t be faint of heart, because look,
always.”                                             I’m with you always.”
    Then the apostles parted ways [after they            Then the apostles parted ways to the four
had been sent to preach, and] they went in the       <directions> to preach, and they went in the
power of Jesus in peace.                             power of Jesus in peace.

                  The Letter
                   of Peter
                   to Philip

               Z

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                                                 Text Notes
CT, 1, 1: proceed according to the instructions of Jesus. Literally, “walk according to the instructions of Jesus.”

CT 1, 5: It is (you) who have [understood]. (You) have listened [today], and I gave (you) authority to enter the
inheritance of (your) father. Literally, “It is he who has [understood]. He has listened [today], and I gave
him authority to enter the inheritance of his father.”

CT, 1, 9 // NHC VIII, 2, 139: and (not) proceed in the teaching of destruction. Literally, “and walk in the
teaching of destruction.”

CT, 1, 9: Now go on. Literally, “Now walk and go.”

NHC VIII, 2, 140: <directions>. The text, as written, says “words.”

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References

  1. Mark M. Mattison, "The Letter of Peter to Philip: A Public Domain Synoptic Translation." Academia.edu. The Letter of Peter to Philip: A Public Domain Synoptic Translation (download: Direct Download).
  2. Public-domain synoptic translation of NHC VIII,2 // Codex Tchacos 1.
  3. Academia page: The Letter of Peter to Philip: A Public Domain Synoptic Translation.
  4. Direct download: Direct Download.

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